Year 5 Maths Curriculum

What students need to know by the end of the Year 5 maths curriculum as they prepare for school.

headshot of Robyn Oliver

Author
Robyn Oliver

Published
October 2025

Year 5 Maths Curriculum

What students need to know by the end of the Year 5 maths curriculum as they prepare for school.

headshot of Robyn Oliver

Author
Robyn Oliver

Published
October 2025

Year 5 maths curriculum

What students need to know by the end of the Year 5 maths curriculum as they prepare for school.

headshot of Robyn Oliver

Author
Robyn Oliver

Published
October 2025

Key takeaways

  • Maths requires problem-solving skills, mental resilience, persistence, flexibility, and analytical skills, which can all be transferred to other academic subjects.
  • To be successful in the Year 5 maths curriculum, students must use the knowledge and rules they developed in their previous school years.
  • The Year 5 maths curriculum will teach your child practical life skills, including financial literacy!

During Year 5, students will delve into the Australian curriculum of maths, and they will follow the three strands of the Australian Curriculum: Number and Algebra, Measurement and Geometry, and Statistics and Probability. Each of these strands is further divided into multiple sub-strands. A Year 5 student will explore complex mathematical concepts, using the knowledge and rules they developed in their previous school years and extending on these further. Students are learning real-life skills that are essential for day-to-day life, a crucial skill for children as they grow in independence inside and outside the classroom. Maths requires problem-solving skills, mental resilience, persistence, flexibility, and analytical skills, skills which can all be transferred to other academic subjects as well as life outside of school, such as soccer or swim teams. Developing a strong understanding of maths and the underpinnings allows children to develop a sense of belonging within the world. To support your Year 5 child with their lifelong learning skills, download the Doodle Maths App for a personalised, adaptive approach, tailored to your child’s current strengths and needs. The Doodle Maths app has been designed by teachers based on the Australian curriculum. Let’s take a look inside the Year 5 maths curriculum… 

Numbers and the Number System

  • Students will be encouraged to use estimation techniques to check the reasonableness of their work. 
  • Students will be introduced to more complex number rules:
  • Prime numbers: A number that can only be divided by one and itself.  
  • Composite Numbers: A number that is greater than one and is not a prime number. A composite number can be divided equally by one, itself, and at least one other whole number.
  • Square Numbers: A number that is formed from multiplying the same number twice, eg, 5 x 5 = 25. 
  • Triangular numbers: A triangular number can be arranged in an array which is shaped as a triangle. The rule for the triangular number is to add the next whole number to your number, e.g, 3+4=7      3+4+5= 12     3+4+5+6=18

Let’s take a closer look at what your learners will cover in each of these areas.

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Multiplication and Division

  • Students will be able to understand and appropriately use the +, −,×, and ÷ symbols to respond to the problems and equations. Students will be exploring multiplication for one and two-digit numbers and division for one-digit numbers. 

Patterns and Algebra

  • Students use their knowledge of multiplication and division to solve problems when looking for an unknown number. Students will be able to recall the relationship between multiplication and division and use this rule in their learning. 
    • E.g., 6 x 6 = 36 and 36 ÷ 6 = 6, this rule can then be used to work out an unknown number. If 6 x ? = 36 
  • Students will learn to extend patterns when working with decimals and fractions, which may include adding and subtracting numbers.
    • E.g., Continue the following pattern ½ → 1 → 1 ½ → 2 → 2 ½  → 3 → 3 ½

Fractions and Decimals

  • Students will learn to order decimal numbers in sequence order. 
  • Students will learn to order fractions and place them on a number line. 
  • Fractions will become more complex, and students will learn how to find the common denominator to help them solve an equation. Students will need to have a solid understanding of their multiplication tables to solve these problems! To find a common denominator, students must list the multiplication tables of both of the bottom numbers and find a common number! E.g.,
    • ½  = 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16
    • ⅔ = 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21

Percentages

  • Students will learn the relationships between percentages, familiar fractions, and decimals. They should be able to recognise these familiar relationships and use these rules to solve problems! 
    • E.g.. A shop is selling books at $5.00; they have an offer: buy 2 books and get the second book for  ½ price. What is the total of 4 books? 
    • Students will first need to recall the familiar fraction-to-percentage rule ½ = 0.5 = 50% before they can solve the calculation.

Master Year 5 Maths with Doodle!

DoodleMaths is an award-winning maths app that’s aligned to the Year 6 maths curriculum and proven to double a child’s rate of progression with just 10 minutes of use a day!

Filled with fun, interactive questions covering the whole curriculum, it creates each child a unique work programme tailored to their needs, boosting their confidence and skills in maths. Try it for free today!

Measurement, Time and Geometry

  • Students will need to be able to convert between 12-hour clocks and 24-hour clocks. 
  • Year 5 students will be expected to measure angles using a protractor and categorise these angles into acute, obtuse, right, and reflex angles. 
  • Students should be able to apply and calculate with a range of appropriate units in response to mathematical problems:
    • Length: kilometres, metres, centimetres, millimetres
    • Area: m2, cm2
    • Volume and Capacity: litres, millilitres, m3, cm3
    • Mass: kilograms, grams
  • Students will learn how to describe the movement of a shape using left, right, up, and down. They will explore the movement of shapes through rotations and reflections.

Money and Financial Mathematics

  • As Year 5 students become older, they start to seek financial independence. As part of the Year 5 maths curriculum, children will explore real-life financial situations and be challenged to create financial plans, including budgets, ongoing costs, the ability to identify GST using percentages, and how to calculate total expenditure. Some schools explore this substrand through offering students the chance to plan and implement a real-life financial situation, such as a bake sale!

Statistics and Probability

  • Year 5 students will continue to build on their knowledge of the probability scale. They will be encouraged to use this probability scale when researching data and displaying data using graphs such as bar charts, line plots, tables, and two-way tables.

Word Problems

  • As the Australian Curriculum maths year 5 content becomes more complex, many of the maths skills and problems involved are multiple-step equations or word problems. Multiple-step equations and word problems involve students being able to recall multiple mathematical rules and facts! This makes it harder for students to solve equations correctly, as each stage must be correct to get the overall correct answer. This is where estimating skills come into play! Being able to estimate an answer will give students a more likely probability of getting their final answer correct! 

Conclusion

Maths for year 5 students is a big year! They are developing complex skills, recalling huge amounts of information, and practicing hands-on financial literacy skills that will set them up for future success! 

Parents, sign up for a DoodleMaths subscription and see your child become a maths wizard!

Lesson credits

headshot of Robyn Oliver

Robyn Oliver

Robyn is a teacher, educational content creator, and mum to three. After completing a Bachelor of Childhood Studies and a Postgraduate Certificate in Early Childhood Education, she moved to Perth, WA, and has spent her career working in a range of early childhood services and schools. These days, she mixes relief teaching in local schools with creating practical, engaging resources and mentoring early childhood services. Her work is driven by a genuine passion for supporting children to grow and learn, and helping educators feel confident and inspired in what they do.

headshot of Robyn Oliver

Robyn Oliver

Robyn is a teacher, educational content creator, and mum to three. After completing a Bachelor of Childhood Studies and a Postgraduate Certificate in Early Childhood Education, she moved to Perth, WA, and has spent her career working in a range of early childhood services and schools. These days, she mixes relief teaching in local schools with creating practical, engaging resources and mentoring early childhood services. Her work is driven by a genuine passion for supporting children to grow and learn, and helping educators feel confident and inspired in what they do.

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