What are SATs? Everything you need to know

SATs: a small acronym that can strike fear into parents, children and teachers alike! This, coupled with periods of disrupted learning over the last few years, can make it tricky to know exactly what’s involved and how to prepare for them.

icon of a star with a smiley face

Author
Lucy Hart

Published
August 2024

What are SATs? Everything you need to know

SATs: a small acronym that can strike fear into parents, children and teachers alike! This, coupled with periods of disrupted learning over the last few years, can make it tricky to know exactly what’s involved and how to prepare for them.

icon of a star with a smiley face

Author
Lucy Hart

Published
August 2024

What are SATs? Everything you need to know

SATs: a small acronym that can strike fear into parents, children and teachers alike! This, coupled with periods of disrupted learning over the last few years, can make it tricky to know exactly what’s involved and how to prepare for them.

icon of a star with a smiley face

Author
Lucy Hart

Published
August 2024

Key takeaways

  • Purpose and Structure: SATs measure a child’s abilities in maths and English, taken in Year 2 (KS1) and Year 6 (KS2). They cover reading, spelling, punctuation, and grammar.
  • Timing and Content: SATs occur in May, with multiple papers testing skills like arithmetic and comprehension. Results assess student and school performance.
  • Scoring and Preparation: Scores are scaled to compare across schools. A score of 100 meets the national expectation. Preparation can include using educational apps like DoodleMaths.

We’ve created the ultimate SATs guide to let you know what they are, when they’ll be taking place and how you can best support your child. Take a look below.

What are SATs?

SATs stands for Standard Assessment Tests. These tests are designed to measure a child’s ability in maths and English.

As it says on the tin, all maintained schools and academies are asked to run SATs. These are compulsory for maths and English (including reading, spelling, punctuation and grammar). 

Alongside SATs, children also take other tests during their time at primary school, including the Multiplication Tables Check (MTC) in Year 4 and the 11+ exam in Year 6.

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What year are SATs taken?

  • Key Stage 1 SATs take place in Year 2. These tests are designed to assess each child’s maths and reading ability.
  • Key Stage 2 SATs take place in Year 6. These tests assess each child’s maths ability, alongside their punctuation, spelling, grammar and reading skills. They’re taken towards the end of the academic year in May.

What are SAT scores used for?

The results of SATs are used to measure a child’s current level and a school’s level of progress compared to other schools.

The results of the KS2 SATs are published by the Department of Education and compared with other schools. This is used to create a national average result, which is then used to see how each school is performing.

Secondary schools are also told the SATs scores of their incoming pupils. They use these results to help group children into sets, but they’ll also usually hold their own tests in Year 7.

What will be in the SATs papers?

SATs papers test children on the content covered in the national curriculum. This is used as a way to ensure that all children have a good breadth of understanding.

KS1 SATs paper

KS1 maths SATs

  • Paper 1: a 25 mark paper designed to take 15 minutes
  • Paper 2: a 25 mark paper designed to take 35 minutes. It’s designed to test a child’s maths fluency, reasoning and problem-solving skills

KS1 English grammar, punctuation and spelling SATs

  • Paper 1: a 20 mark paper designed to take 15 minutes. This paper is a spelling test.
  • Paper 2: a 20 mark paper designed to take 10 minutes. It’ll cover grammar, vocabulary and punctuation

KS1 English reading SATs

  • Paper 1: a paper designed to take 30 minutes. This paper will include pieces of text from various mediums with questions throughout.
  • Paper 2: a paper designed to take 30 minutes. It’ll include a booklet with a variety of passages from different mediums, including fiction and non-fiction.

KS2 SATs papers

These SATs papers test elements across the whole of the curriculum, not just Year 6 content.

KS2 maths SATs

There are three maths papers: one tests arithmetic and two test reasoning skills. These areas will all have been covered throughout your child’s primary education.

  • Paper 1: a paper designed to take 30 minutes. In this paper, children will be asked to provide correct answers to calculations.
  • Paper 2: a paper designed to take 40 minutes. It’ll be a paper where children select from pre-determined answers, including multiple-choice and true or false.
  • Paper 3: a paper designed to take 40 minutes. This will be another multiple-choice paper.

KS2 English grammar, punctuation and spelling SATs

  • Paper 1: a paper designed to take 45 minutes. It’ll be a written paper asking questions on grammar, punctuation and spelling.
  • Paper 2: a paper designed to take 15 minutes. This’ll be a spelling test.

KS2 English reading SATs

  • Paper 1: a paper designed to take 60 minutes. Children will be asked to answer questions based on three passages of text.

The Multiplication Tables Check (MTC)

Children in Year 4 will also have a test at the end of the academic year. The Multiplication Tables Check is designed to help ensure that children know their times tables up to twelve off by heart.

To find out more about the MTC, be sure to have a look at our handy MTC summary.

FAQs about SATs

We understand that diving into new information can sometimes be overwhelming, and questions often arise. That’s why we’ve meticulously crafted these FAQs, based on real questions from students and parents. We’ve got you covered!

The number of marks a child receives in each test is compared against other children taking the test that year. This creates a scaled score that schools and the government use to understand how the pupils in each school are getting on.

The total number of marks a pupil scores in a test (their ‘raw’ score) is converted into a scaled score to let pupils’ performances be compared over time and across schools.

This scaled score is also helpful as it can be used to show the difficulty of each SATs paper. If a paper is particularly tricky, their standardised score will take account of this.

A child’s SATs results can be used to see whether pupils they’ve met the national expectation in maths, reading and GPS (grammar, punctuation and spelling).

Children earn a scaled score from 80-120 in each test. This shows where they’re working in relation to the national curriculum expectations:

  • A scaled score between 80 and 100 means that a child is working towards the national expectation
  • A scaled score of 100 means that a child has met the national expectation
  • A scaled score of 110 or above is classed as working at a higher standard

Children receive a separate score for each topic. This means they may meet the national expectation in some subjects and not in others.

By meeting or exceeding the national expectation in a subject, a child is working at or above the expected level. This means they’re in the best possible position to meet the expectations when they move up to secondary school.

If a child hasn’t met the national expectation, this will be highlighted to their secondary school so they can offer help and support to ensure they’re keeping up with content in lessons. They may also offer further support depending on their student support services.

Teachers will also have an in-depth plan to prepare their classes for the assessments in May, and will keep you up-to-date with your child’s progress.

If you have any questions, be sure to chat to your child’s teacher about how you can best support them at home.

Using DoodleMaths and DoodleEnglish for a few minutes a day is another great way to help your child prepare for SATs.

By creating your child a personalised work programme, they’ll automatically target the topics your child is finding challenging and consolidate what they know, helping them to get back on track ahead of the tests.

And best of all, you can try it for free!

Results from the Year 6 SATs are shared with parents and the government once the papers have been marked in July.

Parents usually don’t receive the results of the KS1 SATs. For KS2, you’ll be told what your child will likely score. However, you can ask your school for more information.

  • As well as having a good understanding of arithmetic, children should also have a range of calculation strategies up their sleeve. Estimation and using inverse operations are a great way to check their answers.
  • Encourage your child to always show their workings out. This will make it easier to find any mistakes they may have made in their calculations, and questions worth more than one mark often give a point for correct workings out, even if the answer is wrong.
  • Towards the end of the paper, children will receive questions that award marks based on the explanations they can give about why an answer is correct or incorrect. Encouraging your child to explain their answers is a great way to prepare for the tests.

For even more tips, be sure to check out our blog on how to help your child prepare for SATs!

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